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AUTHOR(S): Kerem Saltik, Yusuf Talha Yilmaz, Kemal Gokhan Nalbant
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ABSTRACT Encryption has been an important tool from past to present for protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and accessibility of information. Throughout history, there have always been pieces of information that people wanted to keep hidden. For this reason, encryption methods emerged as a necessity and have evolved over time. With the advancement of mathematics and physics, the issue of security and data storage—one of the most critical concerns for states and major corporations—still remains important today. Due to these problems and developments, cryptologists have existed throughout history and have created various algorithms to protect data. One of the earliest encryption methods, Caesar cipher, was based on shifting letters according to a specific pattern, whereas modern cryptography has reached a more advanced level through mathematical algorithms and technologies. In quantum cryptography, a new chapter has been opened, where this method, based on physics rather than mathematics, has become a promising approach for the future. With the threat of quantum computers to classical encryption methods, quantum cryptography has come to the forefront. This method, based on the laws of physics, encrypts information through photons and is capable of revealing external interference. As in all areas of technology, competition in this field continues, and while efforts are made to improve encryption, counter efforts to break these encryptions are also being developed. This competitive environment contributes to the advancement of both sides. In this study, encryption methods and their historical development have been taken into consideration. In addition, using a common decryption method, the working principles and reliability of these encryption techniques are evaluated and compared. Although the results in the brute-force test were as expected, in terms of encryption and decryption times, classical encryption methods performed faster than modern ones. Based on these results, the study aims to understand future technologies and developments. |
KEYWORDS Cryptology, Classical Encryption, Modern Encryption, Quantum Encryption, Symmetric and Asymmetric |
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Cite this paper Kerem Saltik, Yusuf Talha Yilmaz, Kemal Gokhan Nalbant. (2025) Encryption from Past to Future. International Journal of Applied Physics, 10, 115-121 |
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