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AUTHOR(S): Gianfranco Minati
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ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to introduce a more comprehensive framework that takes into account additional factors and concomitant options appropriate to the complexity of the multifaceted phenomenon of evolution -complexity that cannot be addressed or exhausted with a single model or approach, such as the classical theory of evolution. More specifically, the aim is to introduce a new conceptual framework for studying the intelligence of matter, evolutionary processes, and the acquisition of complex properties such as cognitive abilities. In this regard, we consider three orders of intelligence. The first consists by possession of properties. The second consists of the ability to acquire properties, as seen in systems. The third consists of the ability to acquire generative properties, enabling the iterative acquisition of further generative properties. Third-order intelligence is almost compatible with, if not representative of, cognitive intelligence. The first- and second-orders of intelligence are considered properties of non-living matter. However, the second order of intelligence is also a property of living matter, representing continuity between non-living and living matter. We introduce the inadequacy of considering evolutionary processes without understanding the intrinsic role of the orders of intelligence, their properties, and, in particular, the phenomena of emergence in systems complexity. We consider living matter both as evolving emergent matter and as emergent evolving matter. Considering evolutionary processes alone appears to be an oversimplification, if not a form of reductionism. This is particularly relevant in the context of cognitive intelligence, which can only recognize its own properties as intelligent, effectively allowing only self-modeling approaches. We introduce consequent considerations and implications for the evolution of cognition and the possible role of consciousness. We examine the simulability of the evolutionary process by AI through learning about imaginary and non-human worlds, opening perspectives on considering the properties of new worlds for interaction and design purposes. We conclude by specifying possible applications, such as measuring the generative power of AI as the acquisition of new properties, identifying research directions, and using the discussed approaches for social strategic design. |
KEYWORDS Cognition; Consciousness; Emergence; Incompleteness; Intelligence; Openness; Property; Self-organization; System |
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Cite this paper Gianfranco Minati. (2025) The Intrinsic Complexity of Evolution: Intelligence of Matter, Emergence, and Evolution in the Framework of Systems Science. International Journal of Mathematical and Computational Methods, 10, 27-64 |
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