Geothermal Energy: Concepts, Applications and Limitations

Abstract: The energy found in the Earth's interior as heat is known as geothermal energy. For many years, geothermal energy, which is made up of natural steam and hot water has been used to produce electricity as well as for industrial and space heating purposes. Every year, 83.3 million barrels of petroleum are saved from being consumed globally because to electricity produced by geothermal plants. By doing this, 40.2 million tons of CO2 are kept out of the environment. Globally, the direct use of geothermal energy saves 103.6 million barrels of fuel annually from burning. As a result, 49.6 tons of CO2 are prevented from entering the atmosphere. This paper focuses on the direct usage and electric energy production of geothermal energy while providing a brief outline of its concepts and limits.